But it is a fact that chimpanzees and other apes are stronger than humans. “Humanchimpchromosomes” By JWSchmidt at the English language Wikipedia ( CC BY-SA 3.So the figures quoted by primate experts are a little exaggerated. “Chromosome2Insert” By JWSchmidt at the English language Wikipedia ( CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons WikimediaĢ. “Chimpanzee Genome Project.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation,, Available Here Image Courtesy:ġ. Hence, the main genetic difference between humans and chimps is the number of chromosomes. The ancestral 2A and 2B chromosomes fuse together to form human chromosome 2. The human genome contains 46 chromosomes while chimp genome contains 48 chromosomes. Human Genome: Human genome is the collection of human DNAĬhimp Genome: Chimpanzee genome is the whole DNA sequence of the chimpanzee Number of Homologous Chromosome Pairs Genetic Difference Between Humans and Chimps Definition 29% of the human and chimp orthologous proteins are similar.Can find 66% gene duplications in both genomes.Nucleotide divergence of the mitochondrial genomes is similar.The total amount of insertions and deletions is 90 Mb. Also, the number of insertions and deletions are 5 million.The number of nucleotide substitutions is 35 million.Further, the mean divergence of nonpolymorphic sites and CpG sites are also similar.The mean divergence of chromosomes is similar.Human and chimpanzee chromosomes are very similar.Genome sequences of humans and chimps are 98.8% similar.The size of the human and chimp genome is similar.Genetic Similarities Between Humans and Chimps The insertion or deletion of junk DNA sequences called the retrotransposons create these gaps. These gaps differentially alter the expression of nearby genes. About 50% change is there in a set of 348 transcription factor genes between humans and chimps.įurthermore, the gaps of the genomes near the key genes differ from each other in human and chimp genomes.Many of these genes have an immunological function. About 600 genes have undergone a strong selection in the human lineage.Gene duplications or deletions are the major events that bring the difference between human and chimp genomes.Human and chimp homologous proteins differ in an average of 2 amino acids.The genes involved in the speech development such as FOXP2 transcription factor and the genes for the hearing of chimps differ from humans.Similar DNA sequences are five times incorrectly assembled in the chimpanzee genome.
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